Expiry of a residence title during a stay abroad
EU Blue Card
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An EU Blue Card expires 12 months after leaving Germany.
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This period also applies to family members of an EU Blue Card holder if they hold a residence permit for family reasons.
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A longer period may be permitted upon application if the stay abroad serves the interests of the Federal Republic of Germany. This is the case, for example, in the case of an assignment abroad for an internationally active company based in Germany.
Settlement permit
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A settlement permit expires 6 months after leaving Germany.
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A settlement permit expires from 12 months after leaving Germany
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if the foreigner has reached the age of 60 years
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and has resided legally in the Federal territory for at least 15 years.
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The same then applies to the spouse living with him or her with a settlement permit if the latter is also at least 60 years old.
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A settlement permit does not expire even in the case of a longer stay abroad
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in the case of a legal residence in Germany of at least 15 years and if the livelihood is secured (this also applies to the spouse with an unlimited residence title) or
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in the case of a conjugal partnership or registered partnership with a German national.
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The Land Office for Immigration or the citizens' offices issue a certificate to this effect. This certificate may be required for re-entry into Germany.
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In all other cases, a longer period may be permitted on application if
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the stay abroad is only temporary (for example, to care for a close relative, for a guest semester during studies) or
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if the stay abroad serves the interests of the Federal Republic of Germany (see above under Residence Permit).
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Permit for permanent residence in the EU
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A permit for permanent residence in the EU expires
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from 12 months in the case of a stay outside the European Union or in the EU countries Denmark, Great Britain and Ireland,
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from 24 months in the case of a stay outside the European Union or in the EU countries Denmark, Great Britain and Ireland, if you previously had an EU Blue Card (this period then also applies to your family members with a residence permit for family reasons),
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if you have been outside Germany for 6 years or more, or
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if you have been granted a Permit for Permanent Residence EU in another state of the European Union.
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A permit for permanent residence in the EU does not expire if you stay abroad for a longer period of time.
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if you have been legally resident in Germany for at least 15 years and your livelihood is secure (this also applies to a spouse with a permanent residence title), or
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in the case of a conjugal partnership or registered partnership with a German national.
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The Land Office for Immigration or the citizens' offices issue a certificate to this effect. This certificate may be required for re-entry into Germany.
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In all other cases, a longer period may be permitted on application if
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the stay abroad is only temporary (for example, to care for a close relative, for a guest semester during studies) or
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if the stay abroad serves the interests of the Federal Republic of Germany (see above under Residence Permit)
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Source:
https://www.berlin.de/einwanderung/aufenthalt/erloeschen-von-aufenthaltstiteln/#NE
